Configure seu VPS Parte 3 - Instalando o PHP
Em 22/12/2011
Tags: VPS, Debian, PHP, fonte
Para quem está lendo esse artigo pela primeira vez, pode acompanhar também a instalação do MySQL e do PosgreSQL através dos links:
http://ericmaicon.com.br/blog/3/configure-seu-vps-parte-1-instalando-o-postgres
http://ericmaicon.com.br/blog/4/configure-seu-vps-parte-2-instalando-o-mysql
Nesse artigo irei mostrar como instalar o PHP e algumas bibliotecas essenciais para o seu funcionamento, tal como o GD.
Para instalar o GD, temos que instalar duas bibliotecas, a JPEG e a PNG.
Para instalar a JPEG, você poderá baixar os fontes no seguinte link:
http://code.google.com/p/quirkysoft/downloads/detail?name=jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz&can=2&q=
Acessando a pasta de sources:
cd /usr/src
Baixando, descompactando e acessando a pasta:
wget http://quirkysoft.googlecode.com/files/jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-6b
Preparando o ambiente:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
Significado da opção acima:
--prefix: Pasta de destino dos objetos instalados
Executando as tarefas do arquivo Makefile e executando a tarefa install-lib:
make && make install-lib
Agora, vamos instalar a biblioteca PNG. Você pode baixar os fontes do seguinte link:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/libpng/files/
Acessando a pasta de sources:
cd /usr/src
Baixando, descompactando e acessando a pasta:
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/libpng15/1.5.6rc03/libpng-1.5.6rc03.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Flibpng%2Ffiles%2Flibpng15%2F1.5.6rc03%2F&ts=1319819624&use_mirror=ufpr
tar zxvf libpng-1.5.6rc03.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.5.6rc03
Preparando o ambiente:
cp scripts/makefile.linux makefile
Executando as tarefas do arquivo Makefile e executando a tarefa install:
make && make install
Depois de todas as libs necessárias pelo GD instalada, vamos instalar o GD baixando o source desse link:
https://bitbucket.org/pierrejoye/gd-libgd
Acessando a pasta de sources:
cd /usr/src
Baixando, descompactando e acessando a pasta:
wget https://bitbucket.org/pierrejoye/gd-libgd/get/GD_2_0_33.tar.gz
tar zxvf GD_2_0_33.tar.gz
cd pierrejoye-gd-libgd-GD_2_0_33/src
Preparando o ambiente:
./configure
Executando as tarefas do arquivo Makefile e executando a tarefa install:
make && make install
Como podem perceber, as instalações são bem semelhantes. Vamos repetir o processo, porém para instalar o tão sonhado PHP, que pode ser baixado no link:
http://www.php.net
Acessando a pasta de sources:
cd /usr/src
Baixando, descompactando e acessando a pasta:
wget http://br2.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.8.tar.gz
tar zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.8
Preparando o ambiente:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/php.d --with-gd --with-zlib --with-curl=/usr/src/curl --with-zlib-dir --with-pdo-pgsql --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pear --with-openssl --with-memcached --enable-fpm --enable-soap --enable-calendar --enable-sockets --enable-zip --disable-debug
Se quiser ter acesso a lista de opções de configuração: http://www.php.net/manual/en/configure.about.php
Executando as tarefas do arquivo Makefile e executando a tarefa install:
make && make install
Criando o arquivo de configuração:
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
Definindo o PATH com a pasta bin do PHP:
echo export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
A Partir de agora, vamos configurar uma nova ferramenta, o PHP-FPM. No site do aplicativo, o seu significado é PHP FastCGI Process Manager, ele tem como tarefa substituir o FastCGI.
CGI: Tecnologia capaz de gerar páginas dinâmicas.
FastCGI: Extensão do CGI que promove a alta performance para todo o tipo de aplicação WEB.
Por que o PHP-FPM?
Dentre vários benchmarks na internet, podemos pegar o seguinte link e tirar como base que o FPM tem um melhor aproveitamento:
http://vpsbible.com/php/php-benchmarking-phpfpm-fastcgi-spawnfcgi/
Para configurar o PHP-FPM.conf, vamos editar o seguinte arquivo /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf:
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
log_level = notice
emergency_restart_threshold = 5
emergency_restart_interval = 2
process_control_timeout = 2
daemonize = yes
[www]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody
listen.mode = 0666
user = nobody
group = nobody
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 15
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_requests = 0
pm.status_path = /fpmstatus
ping.path = /ping
ping.response = pong
request_terminate_timeout = 10
request_slowlog_timeout = 10
slowlog = /var/log/$pool.log.slow
catch_workers_output = yes
env[HOSTNAME] = localhost
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
php_flag[display_errors] = off
php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
php_admin_value[date.timezone] = Europe/London
php_value[upload_max_filesize] = 10M
php_value[max_execution_time] = 120
Caso queiram analisar melhor cada tag, pode usar o seguinte link: http://php-fpm.org/wiki/Configuration_File
Para a inicialização do PHP-FPM, faremos o seguinte arquivo /etc/init.d/php-fpm:
#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fpm
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description: starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO
php_fpm_BIN=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF"
wait_for_pid () {
try=0
while test $try -lt 35 ; do
case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac
echo -n .
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1
done
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting php-fpm "
$php_fpm_BIN $php_opts
if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
fi
wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed. Use force-exit"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
force-quit)
echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`
echo " done"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
exit 1
;;
esac
Setando as devidas permissões e rodando o PHP-FPM:
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Com isso, finalizamos a instalação do PHP. Lembre que ele não irá rodar sem um servidor de aplicação, quer será o próximo tutorial: Como instalar o NGINX.
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